Abstract
This study critically examines the frameworks of international law in addressing the rights and protections of internally displaced persons (IDPs) along with the unique challenges they face. Despite the existence of several legal instruments designed to protect IDPs, gaps in enforcement, limitations in scope, and the diverse nature of displacement crises often lead to insufficient protections. Beginning with a clear definition and classification of IDPs, the study differentiates IDPs from refugees, and examines the primary causes and characteristics that shape their displacement experiences. This study analyzes the evolution and current state of international and regional laws and policies on IDP protection, highlighting obstacles in policy implementation and coordination among international bodies and national governments. The study identifies key obstacles, including enforcement limitations, resource shortages, and the implications of state sovereignty. By highlighting gaps in current frameworks, the article proposes practical recommendations to strengthen protection mechanisms and foster more resilient responses to internal displacement crises. This comprehensive evaluation calls for a more robust, enforceable, and coordinated approach to safeguard the rights and well-being of IDPs worldwide. The aim of this study is to analyze existing international and regional legal frameworks for the protection of (IDPs), identify gaps in addressing their specific needs and vulnerabilities. A possible outcome of this study is that the study identifies the key challenges and ascertains a set of comprehensive recommendations to strengthen international and regional legal frameworks IDP crises.
Keywords: Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs), International Law, Protection Mechanisms, Regional Frameworks, Displacement Challenges.
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